Know Your Rights: Basic Human Rights Every Nigerian Should Know

As a Nigerian citizen, it’s crucial to be aware of your basic human rights. These rights are enshrined in Chapter 2 of the Nigerian Constitution, designed to ensure dignity, freedom, and justice for all. Here's a quick guide to some essential rights every Nigerian should know:

1. Right to Life (S.33 CFRN)

Every Nigerian has the fundamental right to life. This means no one should be deprived of their life except by the lawful judgment of a court or in the case of self-defense.

2. Right to Personal Liberty (S.35 CFRN)

Every citizen is free to move, live, and associate with others. No one should be arrested or detained without lawful reasons. If arrested, a person should be informed of the reasons for their detention and allowed access to legal representation.[S.36 (6)©]

3. Freedom of Expression (S.39 CFRN)

Nigerians have the right to express themselves freely, including the freedom to hold opinions, seek information, and spread ideas. However, this right is not unlimited and can be restricted to protect national security, public order, or morality.

 4. Right to Fair Trial (S.36 CFRN)

Every person is entitled to a fair trial, including being presumed innocent until proven guilty. The trial should be conducted publicly, and the accused has the right to be heard in their defense.

5. Right to Privacy (S.37 CFRN)

Your private life, home, correspondence, and communications should be respected. Arbitrary interference with your privacy is prohibited, except as permitted by law for reasons like national security.

6. Right to Peaceful Assembly and Association (S.40 CFRN)

Nigerians have the right to peacefully assemble and associate with others, including forming and joining trade unions or political parties, as long as the activities do not disrupt public order or violate the law.

7. Freedom of Religion (S.38 CFRN)

Everyone has the right to practice their religion or belief, whether publicly or privately, without interference. No one should be forced to participate in religious activities against their will.

8. Right to Property (S.43 CFRN)

Every Nigerian has the right to own property, be it land, goods, or intellectual property. The government can only seize property for public use with due compensation and in accordance with the law.

9. Right to Freedom from Discrimination (S.42 CFRN)

All Nigerians are entitled to equal protection under the law, regardless of race, ethnicity, gender, religion, or social status. Discrimination in public or private life is prohibited.

How to Defend Your Rights:

- Stay informed: Familiarize yourself with the Nigerian Constitution and local laws.

- Engage with legal counsel: If your rights are violated, seeking legal help can ensure your voice is heard.

- Speak up: Use your voice to raise awareness of rights violations in your community or society at large.

Understanding and advocating for your rights not only empowers you, but also contributes to building a more just and equitable society for everyone. Always remember, human rights are inalienable—they are yours, no matter where you are.