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Cyberattack: Internet Fraud and the Struggle for Justice in Nigeria

Updated: Apr 6


Mr. Emeka is a hard-working father who wants to give his son the best education possible. He had heard about Baze University, a prestigious institution in Nigeria, and decided to apply for admission for his son. He asked a family member to check their website and found a phone number to contact.


The person who answered the phone claimed to be 'Dr. Faith', from the admission department of Baze University. She sounded very professional and friendly and offered to help Emeka and his son with the admission process. She gave them an account number that had the name of the university to pay for the admission form. Emeka trusted her and paid 7,500 naira.


But this was just the first layer of deceit. Dr. Faith told him that he also had to pay an "eligibility fee" of 128,200 naira into another account, which had a different name. Subsequent demands for "eligibility fees" and "fast-tracking charges," paid to different accounts, gradually drained Emeka's resources.


Dr. Faith then sent him the final document for his son's admission. It looked official and had the logo of the university. Mr. Emeka and his young son went to the university to verify and possibly enroll the young lad in his academic pursuit. Finding out the truth shattered their dreams: the admission letter was a cruel forgery. He had been duped by a fraudster.


Now came the real nightmare. Reporting the fraud to the bank yielded an indifference and inaction. The hope of some form of justice proved a distant mirage. The scammer's account remained active, a constant reminder of the impunity enjoyed by these predators. The system seemed designed to wear down victims rather than provide them with recourse.


Criminals go to great lengths to appear legitimate. They mimic official logos, create near-identical websites, and even use phishing links to steal personal information. These links can then be used to spread the scam further, targeting even the victim's social media connections.


Emeka's story isn't unique. It's a microcosm of the rampant internet fraud plaguing Nigeria. The rise of online banking and the desperation fueled by limited university admissions and economic hardship create a fertile ground for these criminals. According to the FBI, Nigeria ranks 16th in the world in terms of internet crimes.


The most common types of online fraud are phishing scams, personal data breaches, non-payment/non-delivery scams, identity theft, and extortion. Some of the fraudsters are known as "Yahoo Boys", who started as romance scammers but later expanded their activities to other forms of cybercrime. They use fake identities and websites to lure unsuspecting people into paying money for various reasons.


Some of them even collaborate with hackers from other countries to steal millions of dollars from banks and businesses. The Nigerian government has been trying to combat online fraud but with limited success. The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) is the main agency responsible for investigating and prosecuting cybercriminals. However, the EFCC faces many challenges, such as a lack of funding, corruption, manpower, equipment, and cooperation from other agencies and countries.


The victims of online fraud also face many difficulties in getting their money back or seeking legal redress. They often encounter bureaucratic hurdles, delays, and corruption in the banking and judicial systems. Some of them even give up or lose hope of ever getting justice.


Emeka's story isn't just about losing money to cybercrime. It's a chilling window into the maze that victims like him navigate in Nigeria. A system that rewards fraudsters and leaves the victims miserable. Imagine the desperation of a parent yearning for their child's education. That's what makes Emeka's story so tragic. A seemingly legitimate "admission process" complete with a convincing website and a "Dr. Faith" on the phone, ensnared him. Whilst the initial "fee" paid to a seemingly genuine account cemented the illusion.


Everyone is a target - vulnerability in an online world. As Nigerians increasingly manage finances and live online, everyone becomes a potential target. The "good market" for scammers is fueled by factors like limited university admission opportunities in government-owned universities pushing desperate individuals towards dubious alternatives.


Profits Over Protection - Nigerian banks play a dubious game. While consumer protection laws once held banks accountable for fraudulent transactions, the tide seems to have turned. With millions lost yearly, some banks prioritize profit over protecting their customers, leaving victims like Emeka high and dry.


Compounding the problem are inefficient or inadequate government policies. Refund processes are vague, enforcement mechanisms sluggish, and the overall legal framework fails to adequately protect citizens from cybercrime. Online fraud is a serious problem that affects the lives and livelihoods of many Nigerians. It also damages the reputation and image of the country in the international community.


Nigerians need to be aware of the risks and dangers of online fraud and take preventive measures to protect themselves and their loved ones. Emeka's story is a stark reminder of the human cost of cybercrime. It's a call to action, not just for individual vigilance but for collective action. By demanding change, fighting for better laws, promoting financial literacy, cyber safety and security, we can dismantle the web of impunity that protects these criminals and ensure that justice, not despair, becomes the norm for victims like Emeka.


Remember, change rarely happens overnight, but with awareness and collective action, we can create a safer, more accountable system for everyone in Nigeria.


23rd February, 2024

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